The most modern technologies used to create new types of watercraft have greatly facilitated the work with sails, provided ships with reliable navigation, and provided the crew with an acceptable level of comfortable living during long sea voyages. Human physiology provides for regular visits to the toilet for the realization of natural needs. This means that in the selection and installation of a yacht toilet (latrine, in the sea), as well as in other details of the yacht's arrangement, special attention must be paid. Whatever it was, but out of 60 years of life, the average citizen, regardless of gender, spends about 5 years in a latrine! So it is simply necessary to pay attention to this segment of life. The latrine (toilet on the ship) also has its own story, sometimes funny, but also tragic in the same measure. The life of a sailor on a sailing ship, in all centuries, was not distinguished by calmness and simplicity.
The endless struggle against the elements, disease, hunger, cold and thirst pursued sailors on their trips to unknown lands. To the dangers that awaited sailors at every step, there was added a direct threat to life when visiting a latrine. The naval latrine was a small open area in the bow of the upper deck of the ship, from where the bowsprit began. At the sailing ship, a bowsprit (an inclined wooden beam) served to install some elements of sailing equipment; it was the bowsprit that was supported by various carved wooden figures familiar to everyone from films about pirates and sailors. It was on the site at the base of the bowsprit, on the left and right, along the sides, where the sailor's toilets were located. The place was not chosen by chance, although it is more prone to rolling, and you cannot call it convenient. But the galleons (by the way, there is a version that the latrine is a derivative of the galleon), were with straight sailing, and went downwind. Natural ventilation prevented unpleasant odors from permeating the entire vessel. The latrine turned out to be the most optimal place for equipping a latrine. It was the simplest wooden or rope structure, which was a lattice suspended above the water.
Using the latrine, even in calm weather, required a certain skill and dexterity from the sailor - one careless movement, and the visitor to the latrine flew overboard. To be overboard on the high seas was tantamount to death - a man could not swim to catch up with a sailing ship. Even if the fall overboard was noticed and the alarm was raised, the ship managed to go such a distance that it was no longer possible to throw a rescue rope to someone in trouble. In an effort to avoid the risk of going to the latrine, the sailors used any secluded spot to relieve themselves. Naturally, there could be no question of any elementary sanitation. The situation was so critical that, for example, in the charter of the Russian sailing fleet (1720), it was spelled out that the duties of the ship's profos (the position of the keeper of prisoners and responsible for the execution of corporal punishment) additionally include surveillance, identification and punishment of sailors who foul the ship ... But corporal punishment and heavy fines did not frighten the sailors more than visiting the latrine.
The officers, in terms of the latrine, were naturally in an immeasurably better position. Shtults (round protrusions - overhangs in the stern of the sailboat) were used to store navigation instruments and nautical charts. One of them was used as an officer's toilet. There is no need to talk about special convenience, but at least the officer did not have to risk his life. In those distant times, the captain had his own toilet, and he used this toilet alone. There was this private office for privacy at the stern, not far from the captain's cabin.
A modern yachtsman, even with the greatest imagination, cannot imagine a ship without a latrine. Both racing and cruising sailing yachts are distinguished not only by their intended purpose, but also by their level of comfort. With a racing yacht it is clear - maximum asceticism, minimum comfort, every millimeter and every kilogram affects, in the end, the result of the race.
But imagine a cruise yacht, and even more so, rented out in yacht rental, with "amenities in the yard " - impossible. A real house on the water, carefully thought out to the smallest detail, has separate cabins, cabins - a company, and two (or even three!) Latrine, with a shower, a washbasin and a comfortable toilet seat. Toilet rooms on a yacht are usually located between cabins and cabins - a company. Modern toilets are equipped with tanks and manual or electric pumps for water intake. The toilet on a yacht is a rather complex device, and technical preparation for its installation is simply necessary. With its help, human waste is thrown overboard the yacht, or, more simply, into the sea. The seawater pumping system cleans the latrine. The use of the yacht pumping latrine in the marina, at the berths and within 12 miles from the shore is strictly prohibited. (There is something in common with the "sanitary zones" on trains, when using the toilet is prohibited).
Coastal countries have their own national marine sanitation laws, and their environmental laws may vary. For this, ships have toilet tanks, which are emptied in ports, in special places. In view of this, all marinas are equipped with free clean toilets located on the shore. By the way, there are also showers. Cruise yachts are equipped with special storage tanks to ensure the complete comfort of passengers on board. Feces during anchorage are pumped out there, followed by its emptying after going out into the open sea at a permissible distance. There are some peculiarities of using a yacht latrine that cannot be ignored.
This applies, firstly, to toilet paper. The design of the yacht latrine is such that toilet paper falling into the toilet is fraught with complete blockage of the toilet. In addition to significant inconveniences, this threatens the complete disassembly of the device, which entails a service charge from 150 to 300 euros. To prevent the used piece of toilet paper from becoming literally "golden", the used toilet must be thrown into a special bag or trash can. Any objects getting into the toilet is out of the question.
Second rule. Flushing the toilet bowl with seawater should be done by pressing the flush valve once. If you leave the valve in flush mode for a long time - seawater slowly but constantly flows into the toilet until it flows through the top of the toilet, flooding the yacht's premises. To avoid such incidents, detailed instructions are drawn next to the water pumping handle. But in any case, the new crew members and passengers of the ship are instructed on the use of the latrine, without fail.
The toilet is a constituent element of the yacht's fun system. In other words, the funnel system is a kind of sewerage, taking into account the specific marine application. Consider the entire system by its constituent elements.
It differs from the toilet bowl we are used to in a two-stage flush system. The supply of water (usually with a hand pump) is under pressure, and together with what you ate the day before, under pressure, it is pumped out. Water intake is independent of the ship's water supply system (we already know about the sad consequences of possible blockages).
Here the system is more simplified - used water is discharged overboard through a scupper, if the drains are above the waterline, or into a receiving tank. Electric or hand pumps can be used to remove water from the shower stall.
Designed to avoid the possible ingress of seawater into the interior of the yacht through the drain system. The siphon, as a rule, is located above the waterline, and is installed so that during the strongest banks, water does not pass through it.
The only protection against blockages. Shreds waste before disposal. It is usually installed together with a pump, but modern latrines have models with an already built-in grinder - macerator.
Special sealed container - waste accumulator. Equipped with a filling sensor, which is triggered when the tank is loaded more than 80%, and a ventilation system brought out to the least visited place on the deck. The accumulated waste is taken through a special highway when mooring in the yacht marina, or discharged overboard on the open sea (outside the sanitary zone).
A system of pipes connecting together all the elements of the ship's sewerage system. Unlike water pipes, waste pipes have a larger diameter and are designed to withstand heavy loads. For the fun system, enlarged kingstones are also used.
Coupling flanges and fasteners must be monitored and monitored constantly. Seals tend to dry out, and the effect of seawater accelerates this process. Also imperceptible microvibration helps to loosen pipe fasteners. For this reason, the faecal water system (funnel system) is the "weak link" of the entire yacht's sewage system, sometimes causing seawater to enter due to heavy loads.
In addition, loosening and cracking of the seals can lead to seepage of faecal water, which in turn can create unacceptable odors throughout the yacht. Timely replacement of the seals of the funky system (spare parts are not very expensive!), Even without the invitation of an expensive specialist, will avoid unpleasant situations. If the leaks have been eliminated, but the unpleasant odor remains, no need to try to hide it, "blocking" with deodorants and fresheners - the effect will be exactly the opposite. There is only one way out - just remove the stench without masking it. Commercially available new organic concentrates recycle the odor-producing bacteria themselves. The use of organic concentrates has shown excellent results, the unpleasant odor is almost completely eliminated.
As the experts say 2yachts, deciding to replace or update the yacht's fan systems are now offered, how reliable and practical they are, and how they comply with current sanitary standards. Naturally, price matters too.
New toilet bowls are produced with a built-in grinder (macerator). The toilets are equipped with powerful pumps that allow use of hoses for draining wastewater with a diameter of only 19 millimeters, which in turn gives significant water savings. The new toilets come with a flush control panel that operates in eco mode (1.2 liters of water) and normal mode (2.2 liters).
You can choose a toilet with a hand pump, there are models that are mounted on the wall, models with a soft-close lid, toilets of any shape and compactness.
Tanks with thick walls (5-7 mm) are made of high-quality linear polyethylene, which does not allow odors to pass through. The tanks do not leak as they are seamless. The use of tanks is universal. In addition to storing waste water, tanks can be used for drinking water, diesel fuel. Tanks for yachts are produced with a capacity of 42, 61, 88, 110, 137, 170, 215, 335 and 390 liters. The liquid level in the tanks, visible from the outside.
Elastic tanks for black and gray waters, offered for use, are made of material that is odorless. The high elasticity of the tank will allow you to place it in the most convenient place for you.
A device with an electric macerator and a pump. Works in the circuit even with an ordinary home toilet. The unit is connected to a standard toilet with a 102 mm hose (with a minimum level drop of 50 mm / 1 meter of hose). When flushing water in the toilet, the unit receives and macerates waste water, directing it either overboard (through a hose of only 19 mm), or into a storage tank.
New ventilation hoses, fan hoses of any diameter, presented in the widest range, will satisfy the needs of the most demanding yacht owner.